Since Kyoto was the capital city of Japan, many rulers, politicians, artists, literary figures, and religious leaders had close ties with Kyoto.
Emperors have been especially important to Kyoto, which includes Emperor Kanmu, who made Kyoto the capital and started the Heian Period to the final emperor of the period, Antoku. Closely tied with the Emperors were the Fujiwara, beginning with Fujiwara no Kamatari who served as regents and whose daughters were wives to the emperor, such as Fujiwara no Michinaga.
Some of the more interesting emperors were highly influential in culture or in politics. Some of our favorites are as below:
- Daigo (885 – 930) the 60th emperor
- Heizei (773 – 824, ), the 51st emperor
- Go-Daigo (1288 – 1339) the 96th emperor.
- Go-Kameyama (circa 1347 – 1424) the 99th emperor
- Go-Mizunoo (1596 – 1680) the 108th emperor
- Go-Sanjō (1034 – 1073) the 71st emperor
- Go-Shirakawa (1127 – 1192) the 77th emperor
- Go-Toba (1180 – 1239) the 82nd emperor
- Go-Tsuchimikado (1442 – 1500) the 103rd emperor
- Junnin (733 – 765) the 47th emperor
- Kōken and Shōtoku (718-770) 46th empress and 48th empress
- Kōmei (1831 – 1867) the 121st emperor
- Shirakawa (1053 –1129) the 72nd emperor
- Shōmu (701 – 756) the 45th emperor.
- Uda (867 – 931) the 59th emperor
While emperors have set the tone for art and culture, military leaders, shoguns, regents, and others have often controlled the wealth and power of Japan.
- Fujiwara no Kamatari (614 – 669)
- Fujiwara no Michinaga (966 – 1028)
- Fujiwara no Michinori (1106 – 1160)
- Fujiwara no Tadamichi (1097 – 1164)
- Fujiwara no Yoshifusa (804 – 872)
- Ashikaga Takauji (1305 – 1358) founder and first shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
- Ashikaga Yoshiakira (1330 – 1367) was the second Ashikaga shogun
- Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358 – 1408) was the third Ashikaga shogun
- Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1436 –1490) was the eighth Ashikaga shogun
- Hōjō Masako (1156–1225)
- Hōjō Tokimasa (1138–1215)
- Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147 – 1199)
- Minamoto no Yoshitomo (1123 –1160)
- Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159 – 1189)
- Minamoto no Yoriie (1182 – 1204)
- Minamoto no Sanetomo (1192 – 1219)
- Oda Nobunaga (1534 – 1582)
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi ( 1537 – 1598) regarded as the second “Great Unifier” of Japan.
- Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543 – June 1, 1616) founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate
- Tokugawa Hidetada (1579 – 1632)
- Tokugawa Iemitsu (1604 – 1651)
Kyoto has been a center of spirtual leaders, thinkers, and movements. Some of the more famous include:
- Dōgen (1200 – 1253)
- Dōkyō (700 – 772)
- Eisai (1141-1215)
- Ennin (793 or 794 – 864)
- Hōnen (1133 – 1212)
- Kūkai (774 – 835)
- Muso Soseki (1275 – 1351)
- Nichiren (1222 – 1282)
- Saichō (767 – 822)
- Shinran (1173 – 1263)
- Yoshida Kanetomo
Kyoto has been the home to many great writers including:
- Lady Nijo (1258 – after 1307)
- Kamo no Chomei
Some of the great artists of Kyoto include:
- Izumo no Okuni, (1578 – 1613) created Kabuki theater
- Jōchō, sculpture
- Kanō Eitoku
- Seami (or Zeami) Motokiyo (1363- 1443)
- Tenshō Shūbun
Some of the more interesting samurai and leaders include:
- Kō brothers, Moronao and Moroyasu
- Minamoto no Yoshiie
- Minamoto no Yoshitomo (1123–1160)
- Minamoto no Yoshitsune
- Sakamoto Ryōma (1836–1867)
- Sugawara no Michizane (845 – 903)
- Taira no Kiyomori (1118–1181)
- Wake no Kiyomaro (733–799)